Prison Reform in Russia and Crime and Punishment, by Fyodor Dostoevsky

The novel Crime and Punishment occurs in the summer of 1865 a time when radical legal and social changes swept through Russia. The reforms of 1860s and 1870s were known as the Great Reforms because they affected every survey of Russian life. With an 1861 decree emancipating the serfs and a monumental reform of the court frame in 1864, the Russian society was still transitioning from an Estate-of-the-realm style toward a more scantily organisation focused on equality (Burnham 1227). The reformed penal system is not just under the modern sense of justness, yet it provided a far greater level of equality than the previous model, dominated by aristocrats and establishment officials. Lagging behind a few years, Russia was following the shorten of the other European countries by remodeling the penal and criminal legal expert system (Timasheff 16-18). According to The Politics of Punishment Prison Reform in Russia, Robbins junior asserts, the Great Reforms of the 18 60s set in motion a process that dramatically altered the Russian penal system (1282). France and England already had reformed and well-established courts thus, the Russians felt up an urge to follow them (Historically speaking, from the days of the Enlightenment, Russia wanted to be considered a light plain same the great European nations, besides its tyrannical government and social policies prevented it from doing so. Russia, the little stepbrother of the European states, looked from a distance at the splendor of the flourishing states to the west. Russias Czars, Peter and Catherine the great, attempted to model the country like a western state while retaining a whimsical Russian identity, and the nineteenth century illustrates this transition). Filled with a sense of p... ...tally (Dostoevsky 350-355). Dostoevsky is cynical of the criminal justice system because not only does it cheat society, notwithstanding also it cheats its own rules. This almighty governmental power is reminiscent the previous unjust systems. Talking about the dying horse in Raskolnikovs dream, the people insist shes damn well going to gallop, but Dostoevsky urges them not to beat the dead horse (57). A complete teardown and rebuilt seems like the only real solution to fixing the disorganized justice and penal system of Russia.Dostoevsky uses Crime and Punishment to analyze and critique the transitioning legal and justice system of 1860s Russia. He argues that the true purpose of the criminal justice system is to rehabilitate and restore an individual society needs the innovation since not everyone is as thoughtful and ultimately good-hearted as Raskolnikov.

Heart Disease Essay

Our organic structure is composed of many organs and all of those organs be important. atomic number 53 of them is our totality. Heart played a great economic consumption in our frame because it pumps the blood coming from our vessels by means of and throughout the parts of our body. Though there atomic number 18 ease both(prenominal) wad who be over using their paddy wagon that coffin nail speck to both(prenominal) major pump problems. These problems be worry mettle attack, malfunction of our heart or still slowing of our heart rate. These kinds of heart problems fundament also be experience thru some diseases kindred diabetes and obesity.Obesity toilette occur because of lack in health or food feed and also lack of exercise every twenty-four hours. Balance diet and lifestyle give care exercising is a unsloped habit to invalidate obesity. Thought, thru this many things we are doing in this life it assimilatems to be so complicated. From the day we wake up until to our take a leak and back again at night. Yet, our heart apprize never be compare for what id did for us, working 24 hours a day, 7 time a week, 30 days a month and so on.For this reason, it was found out that unusual spirits or emotions may lead to some malfunction of our heart. ablaze song is whizz of the problems due to some problems manage in our family, work, or even off in our personal relationship.If unrestrained stress often occurs to our ego, it may produce various transient cardiovascular responses trail to some changes like heart rate then at long last develop to heart disease like heart attack. Then, changes in our heart rate will lead to risk of exposure for high blood and incorrect function of our heart. For this reason, we bespeak to learn how to manage our stress to lesser the risk of heart failure. We need to sincereize that universe frustrated or thwarted to little things like for example, giving other meaning on what we see or hear from other people may cause stress. For this instance, it is advice to ever so look on both parties and truly accept the opinions of others to lesser the emphasis that may lead to stress.Giving time for our self like base on balls around and having some exercise everyday may be a better dish up. Making negative things to positive way and being composure in every criticism we hear is a good befriend in relieving our emotions to stress. We need also to learn that we are the one who turn back take hold of our selves, that we welcome the choice if we let those negative things destroy us or make us better. Depression and despair like being alone and losing faith and hope in things will not help to solve our problem instead may affect our heart and sometimes may lead to heart attack. Though there are times that it may also lead to develop some other diseases like diabetes and obesity that hindquartersnister increase risk in heart problem.Emotional trauma due to some death, acci dent and even because of different abuses shtup also trigger the risk of heart failure or even death. Since the person may also undergo in mental picture and hopelessness at this stage and for that reason they need accompaniment. If these cases occur, we need to ask some superior help or advices from a doctor because this kind of problems are too serious and need some attention from a professional person to avoid more complicated things to happen.For the reason that emotional problems is the leading reason of heart failure, doctors have advices that we need to be aware in everything we do, say or act even its physically, mentally or emotionally because it can affect our health in different way like heart failure. Doctors also recommended that the physiological factors that affect our health can never be cure or solve by other people instead by our selves only. People have different way in controlling ourselves and it only depends on us how to manage and handle it.We need to reali ze that sometimes, thinking too many especially unnecessary things may affect our emotions. We also need to eer mobilize that if we allow those feeling to overcome us, it can retributive destroy us because it gives a stagger of problems to us like health problems and in reality we can just let those bad thought to just pass away. We need to always remember that we are not on the world of imagination or thinking impossible things instead we are in a real world that even its complicated, its worth objet dart living because its real.Painful and disabling annoyings bet to be ignored to be just a simple one but in reality it needs much attention. It is because it can develop to some more complicated diseases that can more damage our instinct system like migraine which can affect both sides of our mastermind that bring a pack of pain called headache. Too much and continues headache without paying attention by the person experiencing it  brought by migraine can damage our heal th that can lead to brain damage or even tumor in our brain that can cause to a death of ones diligent. Headache is also accompanied by vomiting, nausea and sensitivity to noise, smell and light. If one person is experiencing migraine, he/she can be experiencing aura that includes dizziness, double vision and changes in your vision while others can also experience migraine without aura call special K migraine.One person can have a migraine through his/her heritage, it can also develop through the hard activities we had, through intoxicant consumptions, through little or too much sleep, also through women who undergo menstruation and sometimes thru the psychological influences that our lifestyle brought to us. Though even researchers havent until now prove the psychological influences it brought in maturation migraine, but still the factors that have been considered played a great role in curing or preventing migraine. Examples of these psychological influences are thinking of n egatives things, frightening, angry, self demeaning and thinking a lot of unnecessary things. Thru these feelings, stress and depression may occur that can more trigger the migraine of ones person because it affects our brain system.It affects our brain system because migraine is genuine through out brain that leads to headache and if our brain is over work already plus more the things that we are thinking or experiencing, it can more trigger our migraine. These things are the psychological factors that influence a lot the development of migraine is ones person. Treatments for this kind of disease is still undergoing research for scientist and doctors but some medicine like painkillers is been using for the patients because it can lower down the pain that the patient is experiencing. Though, through those psychological factors in developing migraine, treatment or even prevention can be applied.Doctors have found out that having a good lifestyle can be a good solution in curing or e ven preventing migraine. Example, having a good and right diet in the foods that we are eating can be a good cite to have good nutrient for our body to fight for those bacterias and viruses that are causing migraine. Having a lifestyle also that is full of love and patient can be a good process in preventing fire and negative feeling to be in our thoughts that can lead to stress and even depressions. In conclusion, though psychological factors are not yet proven in preventing or curing migraine, it still played a great role in some major health problems we are experiencing like heart problem.Psychological factors also is a very in effect(p) way in having a good health because it doesnt complicate any taking of medicine because we all know that even good medicines have side effects. Psychological factors also a good key in preventing those diseases because those psychological aspects that may lead to some disease can be prevented by our own selves only. It is just through our sel f control to the things we are doing, saying, acting or even thinking. It is just a head of self discipline in all things that we are doing. We need to remember that if we like to have good health, we need to take care of our self too. Health is never been precious than any things in this world. So, lets take care of our self to prevent those diseases in destroying us.REFERENCEShttp//www.advocatehealth.com/system/information/library/articles/heartcare/howorks.htmlhttp//health.yahoo.com/headache-overview/migraine-headaches-topic-overview/healthwise==hw116876.html.

Compare and Contrast the 2 Brothers in Sonnys Blues

The story, laddies Blues, describes the lives of two buddys growing up in Harlem in the early 1960s. sonny boy and his brformer(a) ar different in the agency the go active life in general. They were both raised in the same household, tho they grew up to be totally different people. As the story progresses we cast that both cronys construct troubles in their lives and we get to see how each look ats and acts when go about such ordeals. While the brothers differ in the way they internalize and make love with their problems, they both show selfish characteristics, merely ultimately feel penitent for non being in each others lives.The narrator though an educator, is not very good at verbalizing his emotions. He tends to be the person who keeps everything inside(a) and lets all his emotions turn to resentment. When he found out his brother had been arrested he still couldnt verbalize how he felt knowing his brother was a junkie, I couldnt believe it but what I mean by tha t is that I couldnt find any room for it anywhere inside me. I had kept it outside me for a long epoch. I hadnt wanted to know.I had had suspicions, but I didnt name them, I kept putting them aside (Baldwin). For some(prenominal) years, the narrator has been stuffing his emotions down, ultimately resulting in complete disassociation from situations for role model his female parents and daughters death Also after finding out that Sonny was arrested, he sees a kid that was friends with Sonny and automatically has anger for him even though realistically he had nothing to do with Sonnys arrest, provided now, abruptly, I hated him. I couldnt endorse the way he looked at me (Baldwin).That narrator is unable to cope and deal with problems as they come, instead he acts like a child, potpourri of folding his arms and giving the reserved treatment or automatically jumping to conclusions to put himself on a pedestal. Sonny runs away from his problems, both mentally and physically. Eve n though he is facing his problems head on as opposed to the brother who sweeps things on a lower floor the rug, he does it in a destructive manner. Physically he ran away from Harlem to get away the stereotype of that area. At first he turns to medication to fix his problems, and then heroin.Sonny left school, and joined the navy to get as far away from Harlem as he possibly could. When Sonny returns from prison, he tried explaining to his brother what music does for him, Its not so much to play. Its to stand it, to be able to make it at all. On any direct(Baldwin). He frowned and smiled In order to keep from shaking to pieces. He didnt want to be a captive of Harlem anymore, but became a prisoner to heroin. At first Sonny did not feel that heroin was unavoidably a bad thing, It makes you feel-in stop.Some dates youve got to have that feeling (Baldwin). Sonny feels that even plot of land all doped up on heroin, he feels in control of his life and his circumstances. Even tho ugh Sonny takes on different approaches in finding sense in his life whether through the army, music, or heroin, they do not realistically solve any of his problems they just mask his awe and indecision temporarily. In my opinion the narrator, is a very selfish man, he only cares about his feelings and not those around him.The narrator broke his foretell to his mother to take care of Sonny, Two days later I was married, and then I was gone. And I had a lot of things on my look and I pretty well forgot my promise to Mama until I got shipped base of operations on a special furlough for her funeral (Baldwin). The narrators mother wanted the boys to be death, because they will only have each other when their parents pass away. Also, the narrator has a very judgmental outlook on people, he does not let anyone state their opinion and even if he does he isnt truly listening.In an argument with Sonny, I hear you. plainly you never hear anything I say. Sonny is obviously upset that his brother doesnt respect his wishes to pursue a music career, along with scatty to go to the navy. Both brothers leave home, the narrator when he gets married, and Sonny when he decides to pursue his life as a musician. Neither of them take into handbill their mother, or each other for that matter when they go on spirit their lives. They both feel guilty for not being as close to each other as they could have been.Sonny makes that clear in a letter he writes the narrator, Dear brother, You dont know how much I undeniable to hear from you. I wanted to write you many a time but I dug how much I must have hurt you and so I didnt writeand I swear if Id cognize what I was doing I would never have hurt you so (Baldwin). Sonny feels bad for abandoning the family, and turning to drugs and even though he does it after sometime, he has the courage to say that hes sorry for his actions.Towards the end of the story, when the brothers are conversing in the apartment, the narrator realizes ho w his silent treatment and cold demeanor has touch on his brother. I realized, with this mocking look, that on that point stood between us, forever, beyond the power of time or forgiveness, the fact that I had held silence-so long -when he had needed charitable speech to help him (Baldwin). Just from a look that Sonny gives him, he understands that Sonny needed his guidance and support through all these years. In conclusion, both brothers are on a pretty harmful way of solving their problems.The narrator lets things fester inside until he explodes. Then there is Sonny while yes, he is trying new ways to manage, at the end of the day is running away from his problems. Both brothers only worried about themselves and their needs, neither take in to musical score their families the people that need them the most. Luckily towards the end of the story they both sort of come to a mutual understanding of each other. I think they both realize neither of them will really change how they a re, and they both just need to be understanding of each other.

My mobile phone

My unstable phone the phone 5. My mobile phone is called the Iphone 5 and it is producted by Apple. It costs $850 plus taxes. I tried using it everywhere the weekend and thought it was fantastic. I adjudge given it four stars. This was a gift which my mother gave me on my birthday. Firstly, mobile phones are one of the well-nigh popular tools in life. There are many benefits when I intention my mobile phone. It Is famous for Its light and application software. Before that, I employ to have another smartphone, but it was very heavy. Now, when I have my preferent mobile phone, I eel that It Is better than the old one.It Is quick and convenient for me to call, text and keep In touch with each other despite foresightful distances. In addition, It stack help me surf the Internet easily and simply. It as well helps users to find Information online, check emails, look up new course any time and anywhere. After a busy day, I can entertain myself through playing games, listening t o music and reading newspapers. Therefore, later on doing so, I think that It Is necessary for me to study well. Secondly, although it has many good features, it besides has some bad aspects egarding colour and battery.The phone 5 has two color black and white. You do not have many choices when you buy it. I bought the white one, but I think it looks monotonous and boring. It also has a problem with its battery. You cannot use it longer than 8 hours without recharging it. Sometimes it does not have enough battery for me to use when I have emergency situations. In general, my mobile phone is not bad if it is being used wisely. citizenry use smartphone like accessory. It makes peoples lives more enjoyable. It is a great and common mobile phone nowadays.

Protecting staff through legislation Essay

Understand how equal pay and marginal wage laws affect credit lineUnderstand the laws against discrimination at work and during recruitmentUnderstand concern correctlys of workersUnderstand health and safety lawsA minority of small businesses will treat staff unfairly to protect them is the legislation Act.Equal contain Act Created in 1970 the equal pay good turn means a person of a different sex cannot be paid less(prenominal) simply because they are a fille/boy. An example of this is football premiership football players foil paid well over 500,000 yet the players on the girls team only get paid a member of it. If the owner of a company is doing this he/she would be breaking the laws. tokenish Wage Act Only enforced 11 years ago, the minimum wage act was made as many companies were taking service of people needing jobs and paying them a tiny amount of money.Discrimination statute law First introduced in 1976 and then again in 1996 the discrimination act prevents candi dates skin colours, backgrounds, religions or even disabilities to be a factor in the owner deciding weather he/she gets the job.Employment Rights To give employees the right to capture sick pay, maternity/paternity leave and holidays.Health And golosh Acts The right to be safe in the working environment. If this was not a law then if someone is injured for example because someone forgot to hang-up water off a keyboard after spilling water onto it and it giving the employee an electric shock then the company could get away with it and blame the employee. command acts are laws enforced by the government. Without them there would be complete kayos. Companies would promptly cut costs and thousands of people would suffer. For example if a company could get a hold of a person to do something for 1 an instant when they are currently paying 6 an hour they would happily take the other person onboard.

Horse and Depreciation Adjusted Basis

Comprehensive difficulty Introduction Betty, whose tax rate is 33%, is in the business of teaching and racing horses. Except for the transactions below, she has no other sales or exchanges and she has no unrecaptured net Sec. 1231 losses. Consider the following transactions that occur during the form * A create with an adjusted flat coat of $300,000 is destroyed by fire. amends proceeds of $500,000 are received, but Betty does non plan to replace the building. The building was built 12 geezerhood ago at a damage of $430,000 and used to provide lodging for her employees.Straight-line disparagement has been used. * Four acres of the invoke are condemned by the state to widen the highway and Betty receives $50,000. The land was get from her mother 15 years ago when its FMV was $15,000. Her mother purchased the land for $10,300. Betty does not plan to purchase additional land. * A racehorse purchased four years ago for $200,000 was sold for $550,000. Total depreciation allow ed using the straight-line method amounts to $160,000. * Equipment purchased triad years ago for $200,000 is exchanged for $100,000 of IBM common stock. The adjusted root of the equipment is $120,000.If straight-line depreciation had been used, the adjusted basis would be $152,000. * An uninsurable pony with an adjusted basis of $20,000 and FMV of $35,000, which her daughter uses only for personal use, is injured while attempting a jump. Because of the injury, the uninsured pony has to be destroyed by a veterinarian. Task(s) a. What amount of Sec. 1245 medium income must be recognized? Sold for $200,000 Depreciation adjusted basiss of $152,000 $200,000-$152,000= $48,000 b. What amount of Sec. 1250 ordinary income must be recognized? From redress $300,000 depreciation ordinary $430,000 300,000-430,000= -70,000 c. Will the loss resulting from the destruction of her daughters pony be used to determine net Sec. 1231 gains or losses? Yes d. What is the amount of the net Sec. 1231 ga in or loss? Theres a loss of $15,000 e. After all of the netting of gains or losses is completed, will the gain resulting from the involuntary conversion of the building be toughened as LTCG? No the building is old and it would seem not to egest into that category f. What is the amount of her unrecaptured Sec. 1250 gain? I would say zero because she never really sold anything

Sin Taxes Are One of the More Controversial Taxes Out There

Sin evalueates atomic number 18 cardinal of the to a greater extent polemic valuate income revenuees out there. They argon canonic solely(a)y a form of indirect measur immerseion revenue (which has its pros and cons) on earnests and services which society considers to be moral ills. As a universal rule, it is unwise for the government to interfere in hatfuls travels more than is infallible to enforce the salutarys of former(a)s. Libertarians rightly ask wherefore we should punish multitude for qualification decisions to the highest degree their fall in got lives even up if the majority says we should, that doesnt make it right. Sin appraisees, though they r atomic number 18ly deliver conventional economics cited as a self-denial of them, real do take a crap sound economic backing however.In fact, a libertarian should support blurt out taxes, because they correct an infringement of individual rights. cat valium ex vitamin Ales of delinquencye taxes a rgon taxes on cig arettes and alcohol. Choo darknessg to consume these goods is an individual decision should the government be involved and actively attempt to reduce their function? The answer is yes, because of the impertinent be non accounted for in the footing of these goods. Without taxes, the outlay of a close up of nances would non account for second-hand smoke and the touch of cigarette smoking on the closelyness and enjoyment of others.Likewise, the price of alcohol does not include the be of things like drunk driving and other general impairment of ones faculties which rear pose a menace to society. It is the individual who is harmed by a wino who footnot react quickly enough to avoid an accident. A logical cobblers choke competency be to even ext close the depravity tax to other things. Libertarians in a number of countries fill been campaigning for the legalisation of drugs because they take that the prize to use drugs is an individual one which t he government has no right to interfere in.I psycheally am not inclined to take a strong stand on this issue, precisely if I were to side with the libertarians (which is my graphic inclination), I would neverthe little in like manner support a steep criminality tax on drugs. Cocaine and marijuana have similar effectuate on society as cigarettes and drugs ( well-nigh research indicates that marijuana smoke whitethorn be more dangerous than cigarette smoke). It only makes sense to tax their economic consumption to internalise their external equals. There is a time and interpose for everything under the sun, and that includes government intrusion on individual decisions.When your decision has an force on others, the price of that decision must account for the potential embodys and benefits it testament submit about. wellness officials grappling with the obesity epidemic have debated a wide-eyed range of approaches to helping slim the the Statesn waistline. To any(prenomi nal) degree, everything from building more sidewalks to banning chocolate milk has been explored. Yet few tactics have been as polarizing as the possibility of introducing tariffs on tr erases.Despite moment from several respected obesity researchers and politicians, soda taxes, for example, have been subject to sedate scrutiny, as critics protested that implementing a tax before verifying that it would achieve the end result was shortsighted and potentially overreaching. So, in attempt to determine equitable how sin taxes might bear upon concourses pabulum choices, psychologists from the University of Buffalo decided to barf quarrel food levies to the testin the lab. Researchers recruited shoppers to peruse the aisles of a treat supermarket filled with 68 common foods labeled with nutritional information.Participants were given a predetermined amount of cash, and were told to use that notes to purchase a weeks expenditure of groceries for a family. The first time, all of the products on the shelves were priced in keeping with topical anesthetic supermarkets. In subsequent trips, however, junk food was taxedan additional 12. 5%, whence 25% or fitter foods were subsidized to reduce cost. The study, published in the journal Psychological Science revealed that taxes were more effective at acquire people to avoid certain(prenominal) products than subsidies were at prompting healthy food purchases.In scenarios where junk foods were taxed, study participants generally came away with a disordereder thermic total for their groceries, and a high ratio of protein to changes and carbohydrates. Yet, in situations where pro entrap foods were subsidized, the nest egg were a great deal spent on additional junk food. That is, instead of stocking up on more fruits and vegetables because they were cheaper, the studys shoppers bought their veggies, and then used the leftover cash to lease home extra treats like chips and soda.In the end, the subsidies-o nly scenarios resulted in higher total kilo kilogram gram calorie counts, and didnt result in overall nutritional improvement on the weeks groceries. Because the scenario is hypothetical, the findings for certain shouldnt be taken as the final word in the sin tax debate, the researchers stress, barely should instead be used to inform the current discussion about practical ways to battle obesity. To that end, they say, the beside measuring should be research to determine whether these results would be replicated in the real world. aim more http//healthland. ime. com/2010/02/25/would-junk-food-taxes- truly-make-people-eat- bettor/ixzz1Bv8WDv91 Im not a cull out of relenting higher taxes. Nor am I a fan of people going without health insurance. As weve heard over and over on the 6 oclock sunrise(prenominal)s and political debates, our current health care system cannot continue along its present course and represents a serious threat to the health of the U. S. economy. Theref ore, Im reluctant to consume that substantial counterchanges will be required (both monetary and psycheal responsibility) if we send off on altering our future.Unfortunately, we are living in an era where we are so concerned about offending someone that were spontaneous to turn a blind eye to the obvious, and withhold what must be said until were among the safety net of our supporters or behind the gage of a com planter screen. The Case For Higher revenuees to Pay Health financial aid Costs At present, the likelihood that higher taxes will be summon a necessary evil to settle for government sponsored health care is progressing ground. Personally, it really doesnt bother me all that much.If called upon in the future, Im instinctive to reach a slightly higher tax rate so uninsured Americans can have access to life saving drugs or little Danny falls off his bike and breaks his arm. No problem, happy do it, adept play me a patriotic song and tell me Im doing my part for th e good ol Red, whiten Blue. Heck, Ill might even enjoy it. As long as the people getting it genuinely deserve it and so comes a news report which says the Obesity plaguey in America is still going strong. Obesity in America NBC News. Obesity in America Diabetes Related Illnesses a Threat to Medicare.Should fling Food Have a Sin Tax / Fat Tax? When we, as a nation, are discussing future budget crises partly because we cant push ourselves away from the table I reckon we might make to reassess the problem. Most of the things that are considered bad for you in the U. S. come with a regulatory agency warning label, and possibly a sin tax. Goods like cigarettes, alcohol, and even gasoline, have an additional sin tax inclined to them because theyre (arguably) bad for us in their own unique ways. non to mention, theyre a cash cow for the tax man. So why should junk food be any different?Its well cognize that sugar stuffed goodies or chocolate covered yumyums are add to the obe sity epidemic. Why should food that possesses little nutritional value barely opens to the crabby person/diabetes/heart disease epidemic be immune from taxation? Better yet, why should the people who consume these foods (if you can call them that) eat significantly more of them compared to the population mean, have a body megabucks index greater than 30%, and still get access to the self aforesaid(prenominal)(prenominal) government sponsored health care that everyone else is supposed to get when they retire?Moreover, be eligible for disability insurance solely because of their freight and aesculapian conditions like a shot related to their eating habits. Why should junk food mega-consumers be allowed to supply as much in taxes as much as the next person, but indulge in a lifestyle that will doubtlessly cause them to take more out of the Medicare system than they actually contributed during their works courses. Critics will (correctly) say that these individuals will die off sooner than regulation resulting in lower overall health care cost.However, considering that medicine is evermore extending the human lifespan and the cost of medical care/drugs will unendingly increase, its an arguable debate at best. This situation hardly seems moderately to the majority of the population, and because of that, its a viable question and should be pushed to the forefront. In a fair and just society (which were supposed to live in), those who spend more in the end should be judge to pay more upfront. Right? A National Sin Tax of 2% for Junk Food? What if, just for assembly lines sake, a 2% fat tax was placed on anything bearing the label junk food?When an stop would be purchased at the grocery investment firm, a mandatory 2% sin tax was added to the item just like everyday gross revenue tax. It will be used to fund Medicare deficits, educating the general public against an arthritic diet, as well as providing temporary financial assistance to anyone who can t afford medical care. After all, this sin tax will coffin nail the majority of people who are, or probably will be, posing a greater risk to the sustainability of government sponsored health care (e. g. Medicare). Then again, is a 2% sin tax enough?How about a 5%? An extra quarter for a bag of Doritos or Snickers bar doesnt seem that bad. Does it? It is a powderkeg of a debate just waiting to go off, but because of political correctness, no one wants to bring it up. Considering our present situation (severe recession, financial crisis, record numbers of uninsured, etc), its a debate worth having regardless of the hurt feelings and political fallout. Then again, whitethornbe complaining about our problems while doing nothing to solve them is just the new way American way.A so-called sin tax is a tax which is specifically levied against products or services that a society has identified as evil or unsuitable, but not so harmful or undesirable that they can or should be banned ou tright (i. e. prohibition). Common sin taxes include those on alcohol and tobacco plant, although those regulations which exist in places that have legalized but restricted gambling or prostitution can in like manner be referred to as sin taxes. The purpose of a sin tax is based in economic theory it intends to reduce consumption of the undesirable good by change magnitude the price.Sin taxes are currently levied against a wide variety of social ills which are considered not so serious that they need to be prohibited. Prostitution (in some countries), cocaine, and marijuana are criminalized in just about countries, for instance, but alcohol and tobacco are not. In American history, the obstacle era demonstrated that alcohol could be go byd from society only at extremely high cost, and in cock-a-hoop part alcohol was not eliminated, but scarce driven underground onto the bleak market. Sin taxes are seen as a way of minify the frequency of socially harmful behaviour without creating an underground criminal economy.This is the approach taken when charging taxes on alcohol, cigarettes, in some countries marijuana and other supposedly mild drugs, and in some current proposals on delicate drinks and other sugar-rich junk foods for public health reasons. In economic theory, a sin tax is as well known as a sumptuary tax or a Pigovian tax a tax which attempts to reduce the collective social harm from a private economic transaction by raising the price of that transaction. The fair play of supply and demand indicates that when a price for a good or service goes up, more producers will be willing to supply it, but few purchasers will be willing to buy it.At the same time, when the price for a good does wad, more purchasers will buy it, but less producers will be willing to make it in the first place. A tax does both the end price of the good ends up by artificial means high so that few people buy it, but the actual currency which goes to the get byer (i. e. price minus tax) is held artificially low, so that less producers enter the market. Normally economists consider this a generally negative impact of taxation, but in the case of sin taxes, it is seen as a dictatorial since the purpose of the sin tax is to reduce or even eliminate the harmful behaviour, earlier than to encourage economicgrowth.In theory, a sin tax raises the price of the undesirable good without increasing the profits to the producer. With the price having risen, fewer people will be willing to buy the good. Overall, this results in a general reduction in consumption compared to what it would have been on the free market. particularly in countries with advanced social wel utmoste networks, the argument is in addition often made that sin taxes help society directly by producing a pool of funds to pay for the consequences of undesirable activity.For example, tobacco cigarettes cause lung cancer which, in almost all advanced countries except the linked S tates, is hardened with public funds. Sin taxes on cigarettes create a pool of money out of which lung cancer treatments can be funded, so that non-smokers are not covering the costs of lung cancer through their income taxes. At the same time, in practice jurisdictions which have sin taxes must balance the benefits of a higher sin tax (in terms of reducing the harmful behaviour) with the risk of creating black markets.Black markets, or underground economies, commonly supply illegal goods in all countries, including illegal drugs. Black markets can only do so at change magnitude cost, to cover risks,pay border smugglers and organized criminal organizations, cover losses to jurisprudence enforcement, and so on. However, if the added cost of the black market is less than the added cost of the sin tax, then sin taxes may exsert to a large underground economy. In some regions of Canada, for example, cigarette smuggling is a useful activity due to high taxes on cigarettes.Black mark et cigarettes are produced on Aboriginal reserves or smuggled across the border from the United States. In addition to this practical problem of managing sin taxes (which must paradoxically be high enough to be effective but low enough to prevent black markets from emerging), there is also an inverse argument from libertarians who argue that the government should not be interfering with individual citizens granting immunity to choose how to spend their money when their choices fundamentally involve harm to themselves preferably than harm to others.Of course, this rests on the assumption that the principal social evils of alcohol and tobacco consumption are liver cirrhosis and lung cancer suffered by drinkers and smokers themselves, rather than the smaller number of bystanders struck by drunk drivers or ill with cancer from second-hand smoke. taxing snacks The pros and the cons Diet-to-Go Meal Delivery $25 Off maiden Weeks Order with Coupon calorielab25?A proposal by Massachuse tts Governor Deval Patrick to levy a 5 percent accost tax on sugar-laden snacks and drunkennesss, pitched by his office as a critical first step in discouraging the consumption of these clear calories, has raised again some basic questions about the wisdom and practicality of noble-minded sin taxes to reduce the publics usage of certain commodities. A quick review of some of them, with attempts at answers. Isnt this just another(prenominal) revenue-raising scheme disguised as a health issue? truthful to some extent even the Massachusetts public health commissioner admitted that the uncreated goal of the tax is to provide money to state coffers. But that money, which is expected to run more than $40 one thousand million a year, will be used to fund public health services, some of which will credibly involve weight down-reduction programs. Will it actually motivate people to consume fewer sodas and candy bars and the like? Ordinarily, the answer would be not much, and not enoug h to significantly lower the states obesity numbers.There are already 33 states that charge sales taxes on soft drinks or candy, mostly around 4 to 6 percent, and studies of the sales charts indicate that those amounts are too small to put a meaningful dent in public consumption. To really accomplish that, take a leaf from the pain of cigarette taxes, which did in fact cut into tobacco sales because of their immaculate size of the taxes, which often amounted to $2 or more per pack. A Harvard prove found that, given a big enough tax on sugary sodas in that case, 35 percent sales thereof tanked by fully 20 percent, even as sales of non-taxed diet sodas rose.So why not make it a 35 percent tax? Because no legislature would ever go for something that draconian. First, its hard to sell the precede that Cokes and Hershey bars are cigarette-level health hazards and legitimate targets for hypertaxing. Second, its hard to sell any tax increases whatsoever during a Recession of a life s tory 5 percent is as much as Governor Patrick panorama he could get away with. But the economic downturn may change the basic math, here. For the same financial reasons that a large tax is out of the question, a small tax may actually gain some clout.Sure, another 5 percent wont change peoples behavior under normal economic conditions, but at a time when people have begun raising their own vegetables and baseball swing their kids hair to hold back a few bucks, an extra atomic number 28 per soda or Snickers bar might get a sens of people rethinking that impulse purchase. It might also mean that any tax at all would be politically unacceptable right now. Then we might give some ruling to the Australian Variation, where theyre transaction for the tax on low-alcohol beer to be abolished, as an incentive for the notoriously thirsty Aussies to cut their overall alcohol intake.An American adaptation of that might have those states that currently tax food products eliminate the tax for low-fat, low-cal, low-sugar dietetical soft drinks, candy, snack foods and so forth. Write or e-mail your legislator. (Ironically, the proposed Massachusetts law would tax both regular and diet items equally. Tsk tsk. Back to the drawing board, Governor. ) Senate leaders are considering new federal taxes on soda and other sugary drinks to help pay for an overhaul of the nations health-care system.The taxes would pay for only a calculate of the cost to expand health-insurance coverage to all Americans and would face strong opposition from the beverage industry. They also could spark a backlash from consumers who would have to pay several cents more for a soft drink. On Tuesday, the Senate Finance military commission is set to hear proposals from about a dozen experts about how to pay for the comprehensive health-care overhaul that President Barack Obama wants to enact this year. Early estimates put the cost of the plan at around $1. 2 trillion. The administration has so far on ly earmarked funds for about half of that amount.The Center for Science in the Public Interest, a Washington-based watchdog group that pressures food companies to make fitter products, plans to propose a federal excise tax on soda, certain fruit drinks, energy drinks, sports drinks and ready-to-drink teas. It would not include most diet beverages. impress taxes are levied on goods and manufacturers typically pass them on to consumers. Senior provide members for some Democratic senators at the center of the effort to craft health-care ordinance are weighing the idea behind closed doors, Senate aides said.The congressional Budget Office, which is providing lawmakers with cost estimates for each potential change in the health overhaul, included the option in a broad report on health-system financing in December. The office estimated that adding a tax of three cents per 12-ounce constituent to these types of sweetened drinks would generate $24 billion over the next quad years. So far, lawmakers have not indicated how big a tax they are considering. Proponents of the tax cite research showing that consuming sugar-sweetened drinks can lead to obesity, diabetes and other ailments.They say the tax would lower consumption, reduce health problems and save medical costs. At least a dozen states already have some type of taxes on sugary beverages, said Michael Jacobson, executive director theater director of the Center for Science in the Public Interest. Soda is clearly one of the most harmful products in the food supply, and its something government should discourage the consumption of, Mr. Jacobson said. The main beverage lobby that represents Coca-Cola Co. , PepsiCo Inc. , Kraft Foods Inc. and other companies said such(prenominal) a tax would unfairly hit lower-income Americans and wouldnt deter consumption. Taxes are not going to teach our children how to have a healthy lifestyle, said Susan Neely, chair of the American Beverage Association. Instead, the asso ciation says its backing programs that limit sugary beverage consumption in schools. Some recent state proposals along the same lines have met stiff opposition. New York Gov. David Paterson recently agreed to drop a proposal for an 18% tax on sugary drinks after veneering an outcry from the beverage industry and New Yorkers. The beverage-tax proposal would apply to drinks that many Americans dont onsider unhealthy &8212 such as PepsiCos Gatorade and Krafts Capri Sun &8212 based on their calorie content. Health advocates are floating other so-called sin tax proposals and food regulations as part of the governments health-care overhaul. Mr. Jacobson also plans to propose Tuesday that the government astutely raise taxes on alcohol, move to largely eliminate artificial trans fat from food and move to reduce the sodium content in case and restaurant food. The beverage tax is just one of hundreds of ideas that lawmakers are weighing to finance the health-care plans. Theyre expected to narrow the list in glide path weeks.The blanched House, meanwhile, is pulling together private health groups to identify cost nest egg that will help fund the health overhaul. Mr. Obama on Monday held a White House meeting with groups that represent doctors, hospitals, insurers, pharmaceutical companies and medical-device makers. They pledged to help go on cost increases in the health-care system in an effort to save $2 trillion over the next decade. When it comes to health-care spending, we are on an unsustainable course that threatens the financial stability of families, businesses and government itself, Mr. Obama told reporters. Write to Janet Adamy at janet. email&160protected om BUFFALO, N. Y. , Feb. 25 (UPI) &8212 Taxing unhealthy foods reduces overall calories purchased, while cutting the proportion of fat and carbohydrates and increasing protein, U. S. researchers say. The study, published in Psychological Science, finds subsidizing the prices of healthy food increased o verall calories purchased without changing the nutritional value. Leonard Epstein of the University of Buffalo said some states are solution to overturn sin taxes on fat and sugar to dissuade people from eating junk food, while others favor subsidies over punitive taxes as a way to encourage people to eat fruits, vegetables and whole grains.The thought is that if you make it cheaper, people will eat more of it, more high-priced and people will eat less, Epstein says. Epstein and colleagues simulated a grocery store stocked with images of everything from bananas to nachos and had a group of volunteer mothers given laboratory money to shop for a weeks groceries for the family. Each food item was priced the same as groceries at a real grocery nearby, and each food came with basic nutritional information. First the mothers shopped using regular prices. Then the researchers raised the prices of unhealthy foods by 12. percent, and then by 25 percent, or they discounted the price of hea lthy foods comparably. The study showed taxes were more effective in reducing calories purchased over subsides, the researchers said. enjoin more http//www. upi. com/Health_News/2010/02/25/Study-Food-sin-taxes-effective/UPI-60061267154775/ixzz1BvAQlOhN A recent study examining the potential impact of sin taxesincreasing the cost of junk food, in particularas a means to promote healthier choices found that, in a lab setting at least, when unhealthy foods cost more, people tended to eat them less.Now, new research attempts to size up the value of sin taxes in the real world. A study published this week in the memorial of Internal Medicine followed more than 5,000 people from 1985-1986 to 2005-2006, tracking food consumption habits, as well as height, weight and blood sugar levels. They then compared that data with information about food costs across the 20-year period. Researchers found that, incremental increases in price of unhealthy foods resulted in incremental decreases in cons umption. In other words, when junk food cost more, people ate it less.Analyzing the cost of soda and delivery pizza in terms of adjusted 2006 dollars, the researchers found that, during the 20-year study period, pizza and soda costs actually went downmaking them more accessible for less. Yet, their analysis also showed that every 10% increase in cost was associated with a decrease in calorie consumption7% for soda, and 11. 5% for pizza. Whats more, a $1 increase in soda price was associated with lower daily caloric intake (about 124 calories less per day on average), lower body weight (2. lbs. less, on average) and better blood sugar levels, according to the researchers. Similar trends were seen for a $1 ascending in pizza cost, and when both pizza and soda costs increased by $1, the effects were further amplified, the researchers found. Along with colleagues, lead author Kiyah J. Duffey, from the subdivision of Nutrition at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, points t o the results as possible deduction supporting the use of taxes as a means to promote healthier eating habits.Duffey and co-authors suggest that, based on these findings, an 18% surcharge on soda and delivery pizza could, on average, cut 56 calories per person per daya reduction that means dropping five pounds per person during the course of a year. In an accompanying column in the memoir of Internal Medicine, Drs. Mitchell Katz and Rajiv Bhatia of the San Francisco Department of Public Health argue that its time to put these proposed policies into practice to combat obesity. They suggest that taxes on unhealthy foods could go toward promoting healthier behaviors.Katz and Bhatia write Copying a successful tactic of anti-tobacco crusaders, the funds also could be used to counter the lavish advertising of soda and junk food or for marketing ordinary tap water. The study and accompanying editorial come the same week that Bill Clinton announced the result of a three-year study findi ng that large beverage companies are voluntarily reducing the sales of sugary sodas in schools, and New York politicians are again bandying about the possibility of a soda tax. And all of these developments add to the already modify debate over the merits of enforcing public health mandates through taxes, of course.Yet, while sin taxes are already widespread across the U. S. in the form of cigarette surchargesWashington state just tacked another $1 in taxes onto a pack of cigarettes, for examplefor many, the growing efforts to govern food choices through tariffs go too far. What do you think? Are junk food taxes good public health policy? Or are they indicative of a dangerous trend toward government interference in our freedom of choicepunishing people for enjoying life once in a while, as one detractor put it? Read more http//healthland. time. com/2010/03/10/study-sin-taxes-promote-healthier-food-choices/ixzz1BvAf9j11Obesity costs U. S. businesses about $45 billion a year in medic al expenses and lost productivity. As a result, strategies that were once unthinkable for keeping the populations weight in check may soon become reality. In coming months, its likely one or more states and municipalities will try to impose taxes on soda, sweets, or other types of junk food, modeled on breathing cigarette taxes. To the Bush Administration, such obesity taxes were an anathema, even though 27 states have already imposed small tariffs of 7% to 8% on vending machine snacks such as candy, soda, and baked goods.Now the combination of a budget-busting recession and a citizenry that keeps getting fatter is causing legislators to consider more drastic steps. Late last year, New York Governor David A. Paterson proposed an 18% sales tax on non-diet soda and sugary juice drinks for the fiscal year starting in April. Such a tax, he says, would raise $404 million this year and $539 million in 2010, to be used for fat-fighting public health programs. Paterson has run into stiff o pposition from the soft-drink industry. But several other states are mulling such taxes, says Kelly D.Brownell, director of Yale Universitys Rudd Center for Food Policy & Obesity. Ive been contacted by a number of state legislators recently, he says. I think its only a matter of time before it happens. In a statement, the American Beverage Assn. labeled Patersons soda tax proposal a money grab that will raise taxes on middle-class families. Opponents also note that new levies would fail to address the many complex factors that contribute to weight gain. Yet studies have shown a clear correlation surrounded by costs and consumer behavior. A Rand Corp. urvey of 59 cities found that children gain more weight if they live in communities where fruit and vegetables are expensive. And the University of Florida just published a study showing that the more alcohol costs, the less people imbibe. Academics also say high tobacco taxes deserve much of the credit for cutting the U. S. smoki ng rate from 42% in 1964 to below 20% now. economist Frank J. Chaloupka, director of the Health Policy Center at the University of Illinois at Chicago, cautions that a junk food tax could cause people to simply switch to other foods that are just as high in calories.Still, he contends, with an 18% tax you would likely see some observable impact on consumption. Any sweeping obesity tax is likely to run into another snag how to define junk food. Liz Morrill, chief executive officer of Fizzy Lizzy, a brand of sparkling juices, complains that Patersons proposed tax is completely irrational because it would tax her product but not containers labeled light speed% fruit juice, though those drinks may have the same amount of sugar.Any obesity tax must be based on such criteria as calories and sugars per ounce, Morrill argues. The French government, for one, has embraced this logic. Its considering a tax of 5. 5% to 19. 6% on all foodstuffs the government deems too rich, too sweet, too salty, and not strictly necessary. It stay to be seen if the American public will swallow more dietary taxes. In November, Maine voters overturned a wholesale tax on sodas and the syrup used to make soda that the governor had signed into law last April.

Pain Poem

PAIN Innocent plumes out of the l atomic number 53ly seed, Illusion of darkness was seen, Things seen were absorbed, Sun, water, horrify what happened? Fell in a tunnel, Lights were not yet seen, Faith slow became weak, Failings, please stops Dodge, defense and attack like a boxer, thriving start yet harder comes, Not a single blink of an eye, Be firm and dont loosen up a single muscle absorb with on the whole bright colors, Four bright colors over one dark color, Darkness was unseen yet brightness was clearly seen, This is what the terra firma is supposed to be Walking on a dark roadway,Rusted street infirm soul working, roadway light cant yet street lights can, Street is dark no more but now bright. Summary firmness Pain, right at this moment honestly I cant think of any function that makes me olfactory modality ache. I dont think I have been through the deep pain that people cant make believe rid of, but there is one thing that makes me feel pain and that is when see others in pain and to see this resplendent world suffering with so many kinds of things. So basically base on this poem I wrote about what pain I face up and what I think I can do and what others can o to give solutions for this pain.This is a very short summary of the poem I wrote. &1115 In todays world, It has changed so atrociously and its obvious. An innocent child will receive things that the world Is doing and It will ruin their Innocent mind, Life will get harder and harder and it is so dark and tough to achieve what you want to achieve, you fail so many times and it will Just make you give up easily. If your life is so dark by doing so many bad things, do more good things and it emphatically will cover up all the ad things and it will also cover up all the bad memories that you had.And so now, you will definitely find your life unlike and continue moving forward In your life. One person definitely cant light up the whole world we cant be so self-seeking and wait 1 OFF tort others to be the light add together the world and tot other people. It must sat rat prune us. We cant Just sit in our comfort zone by honoring what happened we must really do something and give other people the light they need to make the world a better place to have it away in.

Riding a Bike vs Driving a Car

Brian Morris Dr. Bunnell 11/25/2012 Revised Draft Comp atomic number 18/Contrast Essay spring chicken children always hit that age where all they want to do is study how to ride a bike well for the around part puppylike children. They pray for a new hertz for Christmas and the solar day hits them like cookery on a school night, that they most likely forgot most. Many bind the audacity to try to perk with come on t rain downing wheels, but usually fail. oer time they start to realize in that location are bigger and burst things in life such as acquire how to purpose a simple machine. They constantly beg their parents to let them practice driving or to urinate their hands on a pair of new auto keys.Both learning how to hinge upon a car and learning how to ride a bicycle surprisingly have many differences as well as similarities. acquire how to ride a bike starting off to some whitethorn seem easy, but is generally difficult to most. Learning this is virtuoso of t he most popular as well as important tasks to growing up. Ones remains is simply not used to the gravitational pull and balance when their feet father liftoff, ending at the landing zone of the foot pedals. Most use up the assistance of training wheels to begin practice of move a bike. With these, there is a total of four wheels, making little(a) to no respective(prenominal) balancing expertness.Training wheels also help hatful learn to control their pedaling speed, movement, and turning. once training wheels are taken off, the true test to be passed is roughly to begin. These next few steps to locomote a bike with perfection are much various than learning how to drive a car. Stumbling and move all oer is a constant problem when starting to ride a bike. On the some other hand, a person asst fall over when driving in a car With practice, learning to ride in a straight line eventually is a piece of patty. Next is learning how to turn period pedaling forward. The tric k is not to execute ones entire body mend turning.This will simply makes people regress their balance and therefore, fall. Again, practice is key to be able to turn decent with a stabilized balance. Finally, braking is the final thing to learn. This is the simplest, and skunk be through with(p) with little practice. Brakes are located by the handlebars on a bicycle, man the brakes are located by the feet when driving. Some people say learning to sync ones feet to use the brakes in a car is like learning how to write with another hand. When one can fully ride a bicycle, there are huge advantages and differences over driving a car.First, people can get fit from riding a bicycle around Sitting in a car seat instead of pedaling with legs is not going to help someone suffer weight. Yet another difference amid the two is cars release pollutants into the atmosphere, while bicycles release 100% clean energy. Teenagers go crazy the day they hear, Congratulations, you passed your dri vers examination. To be able to hear those magic words, it takes true time and dedication. The day a teenager obtains their learners permit, their world changes. They start obsessing about learning how to drive but there are abilities that need to be learned.First, they must learn how to aright use the gas and brake pedals. This may be one of the easiest to some, but the hardest to others. A common error is confusing the brake between the gas which can be extremely drastic. Next, they must learn how to turn, and to be able to understand their surroundings. Drivers need to know much more about their surroundings, than bicyclists in general. There are literally hundreds of street signs that must be interpreted to get a drivers license. On the contrary, there are little to no street signs used for bicyclists, except in some areas.Finally, practicing to drive in a variety of weather conditions are the final skill that must be achieved to be a good driver. Snow and rain are the major w eather types that make driving, as well as bicycling difficult. unprompted a car legally is a fringe benefit and truly has distinct differences. One major difference between riding a bike and driving a car, is that when driving, there is a dowry more practice involved. There are also no licenses or permits for riding a bicycle. Using a bicycle as a form of transportation is much cheaper, being that the average bicycle is $40-$1000, while the average car generally ranges from $750-$25,000.Another difference is that in driving, there are many more aspects to take into consideration that require attention. On the other hand, there are multiple similarities between driving a car and riding a bike. The main one is that with time and dedication, twain of these abilities can be achieved. Also, major coordination as well as focus is inevitable to be able to do either tasks. Finally, there needs to be a form of assisting, such as parents or a champ to teach someone how or to practice d riving/riding a bike. How can these two topics relate to an adults life?Both of these also are a great form of transportation that have been used for age and many more to come. Drivers need to be wary about bicyclists, and frailty versa. Cars as well as bicycles also need to be properly checked often on their tire pressure, and even brake lines. Driving on a flat tire or having worn out brake lines can be quite the unexpected occurrence. In conclusion, learning how to ride a bike and learning how to drive a car both have similarities while being two completely different skills. Riding a bike and driving a car are two forms of transportation although one is faster than the other.They both require a large amount of hand-eye coordination although bicycling requires more balance. Learning how to ride a bike is a milestone in a young childs life, while learning how to drive a car is a milestone in a teenagers life. A big part of learning how to ride a bike and learning how to drive a c ar is putting in the time and effort and getting enough practice. Without practice and determination, the skills needed for both activities would not be adequate enough for safe travel. Whether similar or different, learning how to ride a bike and learning how to drive a car are both essential lessons in ones life.

Adulthood Interview Essay

dry land/IntroductionThe following question was conducted with the subject known as George who is in the middle adult microscope gunpoint of life. George is 48 years old and is an auto mechanic. He lives at home with this wife and two daughters in San Diego, California. George is in Erik Eriksons seventh stage of psychosocial maturation which is the Generativity vs. Stagnation stage. In this stage, guide and p benting are important factors that affect his life.Physical CharacteristicsPhysical Characteristics weight and heyday health overall/concerns physical activity overall nutrition/ shake up patterns patterns of consumption (i.e., alcohol, caffeine, smoking) signifi screwingt changes in sexuality from young adulthood stage in menopause sleep patterns sexual dysfunction/satisfaction are they above or below life expectancy accidentsAs a person grows in age, along comes physical changes and possible health problems. In Georges case, he appears to be very physically fit ho wever, I learned from the interview that he previously had some health issues that multiform hospitalization which caused him to recently change his dietary habits. George was at risk of having a series of colon cancers and constantly had excruciating stomach pains. After beingness hospitalized for three days, the results showed no positive signs of cancer but his doctor gave a strict diet and urged him to exercise more regularly. When asked well-nigh his current eating patterns and physical activities, George revealed that he makes an effort to eat more vegetables and fruits and has cut saturnine on fried foods and carbohydrates. He as well makes sure to take a walk to the park near his home with his wife every day later dinner. George does non smoke but he does occasionally fuddle alcohol and caffeine. His alcohol and caffeine consumption is low which is why they do non feel a significant impact on his health. He set forth that as he gets older his sleeping patterns have been changing as well. He used to be able to stay up past midnight but now he gets tired very substantially and must sleep before 10 P.M.Cognitive CharacteristicsCognitive Characteristics Piagets sub-stage changes in intellectual abilities speed/accuracy of information processing (you can use a memory test) changes in creativity/ education correspond to Piagets theory on the formal operations stage, adolescents should have the subject matter for flexible, reversible operations concerning abstract ideas and concepts, such as symbols, statements, and theories (Rathus, 2013). Rathus a bid discusses that adolescents consummate suppositional thinking, which is when they systematically try out different possibilities in their minds to sack up a problem. Formal operations give the adolescent skills of logical thought, deductive reasoning, and systematic planning to assist their problem-solving. In terms of Patricks hypothetical thinking from the interview, he seems to be on tra ck with this level of thinking. For exercising, I asked him about what approach he takes when solving a problem and he said that he takes into account all of the different options he has and does everything whiz step at a age.Piaget coined adolescent egocentrism as comprehending ideas of another(prenominal) pack, but having difficulty sorting out those things that concern other people form the things that concern themselves (Rathus, 2013). I tested my subjects cognitive development by giving him a preset list of 10 vocabulary words and asking him to define each word to the outflank of his ability. I gave him a minute to clearly define the word. He delimitate 8 out of 10 words correctly which shows that his cognitive skills are on the right path. Patrick admitted that he used to struggle with balancing civilise and sports and had to take in tutoring littleons to raise his grades. He now has a 3.6 grade point average and is expecting to attend San Diego State University in t he fall. His strongest subject is math and science. mental/Emotional CharacteristicsPsychological/Emotional Characteristics Eriksons stage completed developmental tasks (Havighurst) any delirious crisis evident? changes in life events challenges in well-being shifts in disposition rent out satisfaction evidence of wisdomAccording to Erik Eriksons psychosocial development, adolescents go through the ego personal identicalness versus role diffusion stage where they are figuring out who they are as a person. Branching shoot of Eriksons approach, James Marcia proposed four identity statuses that he believes represents a stage an individual is going through in seeking their identity identity diffusion, identity foreclosure, identity moratorium, and identity achievement. Adolescents in high school unremarkably move from the diffusion and foreclosure stage to the moratorium and achievement statuses (Bartoszuk & Pittman, 2010).I also discussed the topic of stress with my subje ct and he revealed that school is his main man- do lake of stress, I just applied to colleges last fall and finally certain some acceptance letters last month. I have been stressing exchangeable crazy and thought I wouldnt get into any schools Patrick appears to have a strong sense of self-concept and also high self-esteem. He expound himself as responsible, friendly, and competitive and that having supportive friends and family have helped him maintain a corking self-esteem. In regards to sexuality, Patrick said that he is interested in girls but does not have anything against homosexuality as he has friends who are gay and lesbian. social CharacteristicsSocial Characteristics Typical interactions with others, with you evolution of parent-child relationship grandparenting change in warmth for parents relationships with siblings/friends widowhoodAccording to the textbook, adolescents are heavily influenced both by parents and peers (Rathus, 2013). When asked about his interact ions and relationships with others, Patrick described his friends and family as the most important aspects of his life. He and his father used to conform to basketball together when he was younger which fueled his love for the sport. Although he is a part of the schools basketball team, he does not consider himself to be a jock or popular. Aside from basketball, Patrick enjoys vie video granulars and is interested in computers. He described himself as an mediocre teenage boy who loves blowouting sports and all things electronics. The relationship between his family members and friends were also further discussed in the interview. Patrick says that he has not have much time to spend with his family since high school started but his relationship with his parents has grown stronger as he grows older. Patrick and his sister are four years apart in age and have a very strong bond. They both play basketball which Patrick said has created a friendly sibling rivalry.Patrick describ ed that an reasonable Sunday with his family consisted of going to church, having brunch, going to the beach and then renting a film from Redbox. Patrick thinks that his parents are strict but flexible at the corresponding time. I asked him to elaborate more on this thought and he explained that they have high expectations for him in regards to his education and that they told him that he needs to have a 3.5 GPA and above to participate in any sports which motivates him to do well in school. His parents have helped him look into different universities and career path options but it is in the long run his decision on what he wants to do with his future. The textbook describes this type of parenting zeal as the authoritative style in which parents know what they want their children to do but also respect their children and are warm toward them (Rathus, 2013). This parenting style ordinarily contributes to an adolescents sense of high self-esteem and independence.The circle of fri ends that Patrick interact with share many similarities, they play the same sports and video games, and also like to listen to the same type of music. When asked what he and his friends do for fun after school or on the weekends, Patrick said that they usually go to atomic number 53 persons house and just play a game of NBA 2K14 for a couple of hours or play a few games of basketball. He described his relationship with his friends as chill and fun. In regards to his dating life, Patricks relationships tend to be rather short his longest relationship lasted for about six months. He shared that there is a girl who he is interested in and plans to ask her to the senior prom coming up in a few months. Patrick previously had a part-time job at a retail store but quit callable to his grades dropping. It has been proven that adolescents who work after school obtain lower grades (Rathus, 2013). good characteristicsMoral characteristics Any changes since early adulthoodAccording to Lawrenc e Kohlberg, adolescence is the period in life where individuals become capable of formal-operational thinking, allowing them to make decisions by using estimable principles (Rathus, 2013). Patrick defined a rule as a set of principles that should be strictly followed. I asked him why he thinks rules should be obeyed and to give an example of when it is okay to break a rule and his response was, rules are made so that things will run smoothly and rules can be disordered if it is necessary to save someones life. Based on this response, Patrick is fetching the perspective of stage 6 of Kohlbergs postconventional level of moral development in which it is acceptable to break a rule/law in order to preserve a life regardless of the consequences this may bring. psychoanalysisI enjoyed doing this interview because it gave me a better understanding of how it would be to in person interact with another human being especially since I am interested in majoring in Human Development. It wa s quite intimidating and nerve-racking at first since I have never interviewed anyone before and I felt very inexperienced. By the middle of the interview, I felt less anxious and began getting the hang of it. After the interview, I realized that I should have asked more questions in regards to moral development. Overall, this was a great learning experience and I feel more confident for the next interview that I will have to conduct for the class. I look prior to using the skills I learned from this interview and applying it for future experiences.ReferencesBartoszuk, K., & Pittman, J. F. (2010). Profiles of identity exploration and commitment across domains. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 19(4), 444-450. Rathus, S. A. (2014). Hdev3. (3rd ed.) Belmont, CA Cengage Learning.

Primate Intelligence versus Human Intelligence Essay

Monkeys argon noted to be the impending depiction of the creation of pityings. Undeniably, the existence and the life- activities of the state creatures argon closely related to that of the human activities as well. Through studies including both scientific and psychological studies, the said creatures portray the closest relation to the human life and sort. How they think and how they do things had been noted to be a direct depiction of how humans react to life and be thus affected by the different events that atomic number 18 connected with the said existence.This issue on the relationship of monkey-behaviors with that of the humans had been subjected to several(prenominal) questions and assumptions that relate the locating as to how their intelligence relate to that of the human intelligence. The intelligence of monkeys is noted by dint of studies as Primate meaning, monkeys follow an instinct that dictates to them what should be done. As for example, when they are in eme rgency of food, they notice this because of feeling hungry thus they are motivated to do something about it.As their food is found precisely around their environment, they begin to forge. However, more than than simply being dictated by the situation through with(predicate) instinct, primate intelligence shows how a situation is dealt with by an individualistic creature through immediate solution to arising problems that needs to be granted attention at once. Through the utilization of primate intelligence, an individual is able to account something that is needed to solve an abrupt situation that he is facing.Upon studies, it has been shown how chimpanzees in particular react to several occurrences in their environment in an immediate response. The idea is that they are able to fix the problems easily through deciding abruptly during the actual situation. Through this, the social and the personal behavior of the said creatures are then outlined to respond immediately to severa l situations that they may face.Humans too are faced with these particular dilemmas in life. Just the same, they are bale to come up with the necessary ends that they need to posses to be able to solve the situations or problems that they are particularly transaction with. Undoubtedly though, the decision making procedures of humans are naturally more complex than that of the chimpanzees or the monkeys as a whole. The idea is that when a human decides, he carries on several considerations that are involved in the issue. close likely, the situation becomes much harder to deal with, but the results are more trenchant and beneficial for the issue that is being solved.True, both humans and other creatures were given the ability to think and decide from themselves. However, the reason why humans were divide from all the others is that they have the capability to reason out with their own thinking. contrasted other creatures, although they do have the capability to decide more than s ecure being dictated, humans are able to set the different pros and cons of the decision before they are able to actually release the decision for set ahead application. Constant understanding of the major elements of intelligence shall show that humans are of different understanding compared to that of the other creatures. Most likely this is primarily because of the circumstance that humans have the capability to logically identify their decisions and the reasoning that comes on with it.ReferencesMarc D. Hauser. (1998). Games Primates Play. Research Library.

Ascent of Money

The Ascent of coin Individual Essay ECO/372 October 10th, 2012 The Ascent of M singley Individual Essay The Ascent of Money written by Harvard professor Nail Ferguson as a way to converse about The fiscal History of the World (Ferguson, 2009). Ferguson describes the increase and breeding of economics concentrating on insurance, pecuniary institutes, and the bond market. Ferguson reveals the method in which history shag enlighten our recognition of the existing economic predicament for American worldwide domination or control.Fergusons main premise is that these institutions, which be highly criticized these days, are vital for the victory of the capitalist system. Stock markets allow companies to raise bullion in differentiate to expand their businesses and by that create jobs, or provide services in which the consumer is interested in. In the process, the quality of life of the people, who got hired or authorized better services, has improved. The banking system achiev es a similar goal, but in a different manner.The banking system acts as the middleman, between the person who wants to lend money and the person who wants to borrow money. Doing so, helps to allocate better capital into places where it is more needed. In the episode entitled bumpy Business, Ferguson observes the origin of the insurance trade in Europe how catastrophes similar to Hurricane Katrina depicts dilemmas in stake jazzment, how countries like Japan and chilli administer risk for their people and the large rewards that can be hoard through risk with hedge funds (Ferguson, 2009).The position of jeopardy engaged in the insurance industry. Comprises the incapability to cover-up the payments owing from the disaster root by Hurricane Katrina the source of the insurance trade how Japan converted into a wellbeing state, and its penalties in the current day Chile deviation from the welfare state model in the 1970s the unoriginal market, and the unusual wealthiness it has led to as well as the implosion of such firms as AIG (Ferguson, 2009). purport is a serious of ups and down and somewhat risky at times.This is the reason out the individuals take out an insurance policy on their homes, vehicles, and themselves? There are movements when the unforeseen tragedy happens and the state steps-in to help. When the disaster with Hurricane Katrina occurred, Ferguson visited the site to inquirer why the market cant offer sufficient safeguard against disaster. His expedition takes him to the beginning of contemporary insurance at the start of the 19th ampere-second to current date insurance issues (Ferguson, 2009). amends is a risky business and in the first place used to evade against the peril of a dependent of unforeseen events. Insurance is distinct as the evenhanded move of the endangerment of a defeat, from one unit to one more, in trade for compensation. An individual that is an insurance ingredient or broker is an individual that sells insurance pol icies from vehicle policy to a homeowners policy. The insured, or policyholder, is the individual or person purchase the insurance plan or policy. The quantity to be priced for a distinct sum of insurance coverage is called the premium.Risk management, is an exercise in appraise and manage the risk factors, and has developed as a separate subject of tuition and observation (Ferguson, 2009). The contract engages the insured to assume assurance and identified relatively in a small amount in the shape of remuneration to the insurer in trading for the insurers pledge to reimburse (assure) the insured in the situation of a monetary (individual) demise. The insured obtains an agreement, called the insurance policy, which fine points the stipulations and conditions chthonic which the insured will be financially compensated.Risk management is the classification, appraisal, and prioritization of risks pursued by synchronized and inexpensive request of capital to diminish, observe, and manage the likelihood or collision of fateful measures or to capitalize on the understanding of opportunity. Perils can occur as part of doubt in economic markets, development failures, lawful liabilities, natural accidents, and disasters as well as assaults from an opponent or enemy or even from unforeseen causes.The strategy to supervise danger naturally is to include moving that danger to different individual, evading the danger, plummeting the harmful results or likelihood of the danger, or still tolerating little or the entirety of the practicable or real penalty of a specific danger. Particle characteristics of risk management principles have been praised and analysis for possessing no quantifiable enhancement on risk, whether it is self-confidence in estimation and judgment. ConclusionAlthough risk management and insurance are directly linked, insurance by itself is not totally risk management. Risk management is extreme expansive and consist of the theories dealing with eva ding, stopping, and reducing be and damage. Risk management focuses on additional means than insurance for removing the monetary penalties of items lost in a disaster. References Ferguson, Niall (2008-11-13). The Ascent of Money A fiscal History of the World. Retrieved from The Penguin Press HC. ISBN 978-1-59420-192-9The Ascent of Money. (2009). Risky Business. Retrieved from http//video. pbs. org/program/ascent-of-money/ The Economist (2008). A Financial History of the World. Retrieved from http//www. economist. com/node/12376642 Ferguson, Nail 2009). The Ascent of Money A Financial History of the World. Retrieved from http//www. youtube. com/watch? v=4Xx_5PuLIzc Cornell University Risk Management &038 Insurance. (2005). take to Risk Management &038 Insurance. Retrieved from http//www. risk. cornell. edu/

Employment at Will Essay

There argon several concerns and issues that had been analyzed by the new COO of the organization. M all aspects invite to be c arfully considered before making sound decisions of any strict action or termination in effort to avoid statutory actions. According to Connell and Castro, issues strike to be carefully investigated by exploring relevant understand such as co- p comp angiotensin-converting enzyment parttarians (Castro & Connell, 2009, p.31). This forget ensure that federal agencys with misunderstandings are non the issue. However, the conclusion made by the COO should be practical and deep down reason, not made on impulse or suddenly, and in bound with the Employment-at- entrust doctrine. Although, employees can be dismissed at any time for some(prenominal) reason if there arent any statutes that would prohibit the act, careful check out of the concerns listed under is needed for the betterment of the beau monde and its strategic plans.John stick on a ran t on his Facebook page in which he criticized the stations most important customer. Jim sent an electronic mail to other salespeople protesting a change in commission schedules and bonuses and suggesting anyone boycott the next sales meeting.Ellen started a blog to protest the CEOs bonus, noting that no one below director has gotten a raise in two (2) years and portraiture her bosses as kat once-nothings and out-of-touchBill has been using his association-issued BlackBerry to run his own product line on the side. The secretaries in the accounting segment decided to dress in black-and-white stripes to protest a memo announcing that the order has installed keylogger software system on all company electronic computers.After world disciplined for criticizing a customer in an email (sent from his personal email account on a company computer), Joe threatens to sue the company for invasion of privacy.One of the department supervisors requests your approval to fire his secretai re for insubordination. Since the secretary has always received incandescence canvass, you call her into your office and memorise that she has refused to prepare false expense reports for her boss. Annas boss refused to sign her leave request for jury duty and now wants to fire her for being absent without permission. Summarization of Employment-At- Will DoctrineIn any kind of barter relationship, employment is a fleck to moment employment contract between the employer and the employee. Therefore, the employment- at will doctrine allows the employer to do whatsoever it find oneselfs to the respect of the employee. Putting it differently, the doctrine permits an employer to terminate a role player for any reason good, bad, or without reason as long as the termination is indoors the legal parameters (Urhuogo, 2010, p.29). In other words, if nothing else applies to the situation at hand such as a specific jurisprudence of court case that would support the termination (Anti- D iscrimination Law), then the employment at will doctrine will succeed.However, elisions at the federal, state, and city aim such as specific statutes or laws and common laws (contract and domain policy) allowed for modifications to be implemented to the employment-at-will-doctrine in effort to pr even offt an employer in terminating a worker under the more precise exemption. At the federal level championship VII (Civil Rights Act), which includes race, sex, national origin, and religion are saved. In addition, workers are protected under the Age Discrimination and Employment Act, Americans with Disability Act, and National assiduity Relations Act, which protects workers that participate in a union.Most state laws are paralleled to those laws implemented at the federal level. However, some states take over expanded their laws to get ahead modify the employment-at-will doctrine for example some states eat included knowledgeable preference as being protected, which is not co vered under the federal law. Common law exception, which is applied to all levels is based on anteriority and therefore, does not need  o apply. An example would include a referee handing down a verdict in his or her jurisdiction creating an exception to the employment-at-will-doctrine. The decision made by the judge would therefore become a binding on employers, which is independent or separate of the laws or statutes that was created by the legislative body. In conclusion of the employment-at-will doctrine, if the workers termination does not fall within the statutory or common law exception, the employment-at-will doctrine will default. recommendation and Implementation Firstly, many of the concerns and issues referenced above could concord possible been extendd if a whistleblowing policy had been implemented. Realizing and executing this policy within the study, allows for whistleblowers to exhibit a role of importance that could eliminate unethical or illegal behaviors within the workplace before any issues become too difficult to handle. When organizations cut through to have employees that display a characteristic of being unethical, they position the organization to be at risk in a negative manner legally, financially, and unrestrictedally.The incident of the matter is that wrong doing occurs in many organizations, but workers at whole levels should feel comfortable and confident that their work milieu is not one of being hostile. Therefore, including a whistleblowing policy should be safe for the worker in knowing that if or when a matter is reported internally any fructifyive action can be quickly executed thereby, create workers to become more ethical. In addition, ongoing ethics training for workers at ALL levels in effort to enhance a moral environment or climate should be applied so thatObjectives and strategic plans are met and the trump way to ensure that they are met Leaders are walking the walk and talking the talk (setting examples for all) Workers will feel as though their communication and responsibility is of value to their place of work.Finally, the assurance of the policy should be an image of the company and therefore, being upheld than just words on a piece of paper. The whistleblower should feel confident and safe that when an investigation is done, it will be conducted in an objective manner and investigated by one that has abruptly no influence on the outcome. This too will give a feeling that confidentiality is of value within the organization to the whistleblower. After careful review of the employee issues and concerns, the following recommendation has been madeFirstly, the real boss in my scene is the customers and especially the uplifted profitable ones because they are the major source of buying. And if your high profitable consumers decide to take subscriber line to your competitors then you basically have fired yourself. Although, John decided to criticize the most important cust omer, it is best to terminate his position due to the fact that at that moment a competitive disadvantage had been created.Jim and Ellen have some real legitimate grievances that need to be address by the company in effort to determine if other employees have the same concern and if so, developing ways to correct the issue. However, both Jim and Ellen have real concerns in reference to pay and therefore, it should be addressed. I desire that they both need to be coached and whitethornbe even disciplined on the way of handling their concern but, I feel that they are both protected under the retaliation law and public policy.In Bills cases, grounds for termination can be expected expect he did not get permission first. The use of the companys cellular in effort to start his business is considered theft. Misusing the companys resource for personal business causes the business to lose time and money.Im afraid it is perfectly legal for an employer to monitor company computer usage whil e you are at work, you do not have the right without permission to do your private work on your companys computer. Therefore, the accounting department need to be coached on the expectations of the company but also understand that they are not obligated to continue their employment with the organization if they feel disapprove of the key loggers.I believe that Joe has the right to sue the company due to the fact that it was his personal email that had been reviewed. I believe that if Joes criticism had been done on the business email then corrective action must stand. In order for the business to prevent personal email usages, it should be clearly outline in the employee handbook as well as explaining the extent of computers being monitored. Employers should make sure that workers clearly understand the policy.The information provided by the secretary should be investigated thoroughly. If her claim is true, then she would be protected by the misdemeanor of public policy. The secre tary cannot be terminated due to the fact that she declined to active false expense reports for her boss. However, the boss should and need to be investigated and terminated for his actions to eliminate a hostile work environment.Anna exercised her legal right under public policy law reporting to jury duty. However, Annas boss whitethorn ask for proof of jury duty and unless the employee handbook state otherwise, the employer does not have to compensate Anna. Termination in this case would be illegal.In Conclusion, understanding the employment-at-will doctrine and carefully executing the parameters of the doctrine can unperturbed leave the employer with sense of being uneasy and becoming apprehensive that an employee will attempt to sue. According to Wood and Karau, it is imprtant to respect employees during the process of which the termination is winning place because it will show the employee that their work was appreciated while they were functional for the company (Wood & Karau, 2008, p. 521). This can help or assist in preventing legal actions when respect is given. According to Urhuogo, Giving employees reasons for termination may result in employees to be understanding of the situation (Urhuogo, 2010, p.33). However, in the end, every employers and workers must display a demeanor that is ethical and suitable for the company and themselves.

A Brief Description of the Feeling of Wonder

Jeaniqua Stanford January 17, 2013 ACP 110-02 Definition Paper interrogate is a relishing of curiosity, amazement, and surprise. Wonder can happen at either given moment, plainly most times it is not truly admire. most times when some tout ensembleness believes something as wonderful, they simply mistake it for wonderful. Instead what they ar feeling is simply curiosity or amazement. Wonder is so much deeper than those simple emotions, it is to a point that when you feel wonder you become speechless. When you see, feel, hear, touch, or taste something that makes you feel speechless, like you liter in ally yield no haggle that can explain how you are feeling.If you wonder people what wonder is, you suck up out stump them. They will not know how to explain what exactly they feel when they feel wonder. Wonder is one of those emotions that is expectant to explain. You know it when you feel it but you cannot explain it. In the ACP 11O-02 course at Roosevelt University, the s tudents were asked what they believed wonder was. The students looked around, some heretofore looked out the window, hoping that they would not be called on. This question is not one that is asked all(prenominal) day, so people do not normally have an behave ready for it.They probably would have to think about it for a abundant time until they can sum up at least one sentence for what wonder is. When sitting in the ACP course, the general definition of wonder that came from the discussion, was something that makes you feel amazement. Something that is wonderful to most people would be birth, or pregnancy. The whole process of having a child, psychically having it, is speechless. Mothers study that it hurts like nothing they have ever felt, but the emotion they feel once it is over and they get to hold the emotional state they have been nurturing for nine months, is indescribable.The joy that takes over their faces is a moment that should be remembered, and most likely is. Wond rous things are over in the world and if a person just happens to be at the right and at the right time, than they might get to experience it. It is hard to say that something inanimate is wonderful, because it is hard to explain. Trying to square up the words to say what a person feels about life itself is difficult. It is wonderful because even though it is explained and can be scientifically described, words truly cannot describe life.Yes, life is the way people go about living on the earthly concern and what they do, but what else is it? How exactly did it happen? Religious people would say that perfection created man, the planet, and everything else on it. But then scientists would say that we evolved from other beings that roamed the earth in the lead us. If you go for the scientists thoughts on life, than the religious people could easily counter that sway with a question on who created everything that we evolved from. Wonder is that emotion that everybody confuses with other things, is it truly wonder or is it amazement.Can you explain how you feel or are on that point no words for how you feel? Those are the questions people need to ask when thinking about what is wonderful to them. The definition of wonder is something that leaves you speechless and unexpended for more information on it. Life is the one thing that is rattling(prenominal) to most people because it is unexplainable. A person can guess all they want about how life came about, but they will never find the true answer of it, unless they find someone or something that has been alive for the aggregate of earths existence.

Ethics †morality Essay

When request mess what does chaste philosophy mean? we get many different replies. some(a) relate ethics to feelings, others relate it to religion, others might relate it to the law, others relate it to ships company and some just do non love. They be all misuse. morals refers to well-founded standards of function and wrong. Feelings, religion and the law may misguide people from what is estimable. The majority of people misunderstand what being honourable means. Some animadvert that being ethical means following the law. The law often incorporates ethical standards to which most citizens subscribe.But laws, like feelings, can deviate from what is ethical. Our own pre-Civil con extend slavery laws and the old apartheid laws of present-day South Africa are grotesquely unadorned examples of laws that deviate from what is ethical. Adela Cortina (March, 2000) said, A natural law standpoint which, whether in its conventional or post traditional version, ultimately takes completely what is just from a certain moral conception as valid law, is not an acceptable basis for legal legislation in a chastely pluralist society. Nor should one identify ethics with religion. Most religions, of course, advocate high gear ethical standards. Yet if ethics were wrapped to religion, then ethics would apply only to religious people. But ethics applies as much to the behavior of the deist as to that of the devout religious mortal. Religion can set high ethical standards and can provide intense motivations for ethical behavior. Ethics, however, cannot be confined to religion nor is it the same as religion. Praveen Parboteeah, Martin Hoegl and John B.Cullen (June, 2008) mention some studies defend found no difference between religious and non religious individuals on unethical behaviors such as dishonesty and cheating. Many people tend to equate ethics with their feelings, but being ethical is clearly not a matter of following ones feelings. A person following his or her feelings may recoil from doing what is slump. Feelings frequently deviate from what is ethical. honourable like Ken Bowen (August, 1994) said, With a set of rules guilt is all excessively often a conflict between what is said to be wrong and what one feels to be right and can be devastating to an individuals personality. What, then, is ethics? Ethics is two things. First, ethics refers to well-founded standards of right and wrong that rate what humans ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society, fairness, or specific virtues. Ethics, for example, refers to those standards that take down the sensible obligations to refrain from rape, stealing, murder, assault, slander, and fraud. Ethical standards also include those that enjoin virtues of honesty, compassion, and loyalty.And, ethical standards include standards relating to rights, such as the right to life, the right to freedom from injury, and the right to privacy. Such standards are ad equate standards of ethics because they are supported by consistent and well-founded reasons. Secondly, ethics refers to the study and development of ones ethical standards. As mentioned above, feelings, laws, and social norms can deviate from what is ethical. So it is unavoidable to constantly experience ones standards to ensure that they are reasonable and well-founded.Ethics also means, then, the continuous effort of studying our own moral beliefs and our moral conduct, and striving to ensure that we, and the institutions we help to shape, live up to standards that are reasonable and solidly-based. Most people do not really know what the meaning of ethics is. They all have a different belief of it. They relate it to things like religion, law and feelings. Well these usually deviate us from what is right and wrong. That is not all there is to ethics. Ethics has to do with standards of right and wrong. They may change through time. One must always examine ones standards.